Acute care surgery integrates the long-established fields of trauma surgery, surgical critical care, burns, and the management of general surgical emergencies. Traditionally, management of nontraumatic emergency conditions requiring surgery has been entrusted to both general surgeons and surgical subspecialists, depending on the supply and availability of these surgeons in each hospital. As surgical subspecialties have multiplied and matured, there has been a decline in the availability of surgeons who will provide emergency care, particularly during off hours. Acute Care surgery has blossomed in response to this need, with many major institutions domestically and internationally